SPARC Reanalysis Intercomparison Project

Reanalysis Descriptions

[See also:
S-RIP Chapter 2, and
Extended version of S-RIP Chapter 2, Chapter 2E. (See here if you would like to check older versions)]

ERA5

Hersbach, H., et al.: The ERA5 global reanalysis. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 146, 1999–2049, 2020.
Bell, B., et al.: The ERA5 global reanalysis: Preliminary extension to 1950. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 147, 4186–4227, 2021.
Soci, B., et al.: The ERA5 global reanalysis from 1940 to 2022. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., , –, 2024.

ERA-20C

Poli, P., et al.: ERA-20C: An atmospheric reanalysis of the twentieth century. J. Clim., 29, 4083–4097, 2016.

ERA-20CM

Hersbach, H., et al.: ERA-20CM: a twentieth-century atmospheric model ensemble. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 141, 2350–2375, 2015.

ERA-Interim

Dee, D. P., et al.: The ERA-Interim Reanalysis: Configuration and Performance of the Data Assimilation System. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 137, 553–597, 2011.

ERA-40

Uppala, S. M., et al.: The ERA-40 Reanalysis. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 131, 2961–3012, 2005.

JRA-3Q

Kosaka, Y., et al.: The JRA-3Q Reanalysis. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 102, 49–109, 2024.

JRA-55

Kobayashi, S., et al.: The JRA-55 Reanalysis: General Specifications and Basic Characteristics. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 93, 5–48, 2015.
Harada, Y., et al.: The JRA-55 Reanalysis: Representation of Atmospheric Circulation and Climate Variability. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 94 (3), 269–302, 2016.

JRA-55C and JRA-55AMIP

Kobayashi, C., et al.: Preliminary Results of the JRA-55C, an Atmospheric Reanalysis Assimilating Conventional Observations Only. SOLA, 10, 78–82, 2014.

JRA-25

Onogi, K., et al.: The JRA-25 Reanalysis. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 85, 369–432, 2007.

MERRA-2

Gelaro, R., et al.: The Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2). J. Climate, 30, 5419–5454, 2017.

MERRA

Rienecker, M. M., et al.: MERRA: NASA's Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications. J. Climate, 24, 3624–3648, 2011.

NCEP-CFSR (and CFSv2)

Saha, S., et al.: The NCEP Climate Forecast System Reanalysis. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 91, 1015–1057, 2010. [supplement]
Saha, S., et al.: The NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2. J. Climate, 27, 2185–2208, 2014.

NCEP-DOE R-2

Kanamitsu, M., et al.: NCEP–DOE AMIP-II Reanalysis (R-2). Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 83, 1631–1643, 2002.

NCEP-NCAR R-1

Kalnay, E., et al.: The NCEP/NCAR 40-Year Reanalysis Project. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 77, 437–471, 1996.
Kistler, R., et al.: The NCEP–NCAR 50-Year Reanalysis: Monthly Means CD-ROM and Documentation. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 82, 247–267, 2001.

20CR

Compo, G. P., et al.: The Twentieth Century Reanalysis Project. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 137, 1–28, 2011.
Slivinski, L. C., et al.: Towards a more reliable historical reanalysis: Improvements for version 3 of the Twentieth Century Reanalysis system. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 2019.
Slivinski, L. C., et al.: An evaluation of the performance of the Twentieth Century Reanalysis Version 3. J. Clim., 34, 1417–1438, 2021.

OCADA

Ishii, M., et al.: Global historical reanalysis with a 60-km AGCM and surface pressure observations: OCADA. J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn., 102, 209–240, 2024.